Countries of outwardly oriented adaptive development

This subgroup includes countries located both in Latin America and in Asia and Africa. In Latin America, these are: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru; in Asia, Turkey; in Africa – Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia. They are characterized by the export orientation of the industry, which is developing with massive penetration into the industry of foreign companies and banks, and the import-substituting economy. A characteristic feature of this subgroup of states is that they have become the main suppliers of labor to the world labor market: not only to the developed countries of the world, but also to neighboring richer states.