State regulation of the balance of payments is a combination of economic, including currency, financial, monetary, state measures aimed at the formation of the main items of the balance of payments, as well as covering the existing balance. In general, the fundamental deviation of the balance of payments from equilibrium for a long time cannot […]
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Program-target method
The program-target method acts as the most important method of solving complex problems, usually of an interdepartmental nature. It involves doing the following: target analysis (goal decomposition); building a hierarchy of goals and identifying their interrelations and mutual influence; development and implementation of a program that ensures the achievement of goals. Goal decomposition is the […]
Characteristics of macroeconomic indicators according to the system of national accounts
In economic theory and statistics of foreign countries, macroeconomic indicators calculated on the basis of the system of national accounts are used to characterize the final results of annual production: gross national product (GNP), gross domestic product (GDP), national income (ND), net national product (NPV), etc. In the national statistics of some countries (USA, Japan), […]
Features of measuring the national product according to Marxist methodology
Various macroeconomic indicators are used in the theory and economic practice to measure the results of the functioning of the national economy. A number of such indicators are designed to estimate the value of the total volume of national production. These include: total social product (SOP), gross social product (GP), final social product (CPC), net […]